A collection of tissue, fluid, debris, pancreatic enzymes, and blood that develops after acute pancreatitis .
Causes, incidence, and risk factors
Pancreatic pseudocysts develop between 1 and 4 weeks after the onset of acute pancreatitis , often secondary to a disruption of the pancreatic duct due to inflammation caused by pancreatitis. Risk factors for pancreatic pseudocyst are acute pancreatitis, abdominal trauma, and chronic pancreatitis .
Signs and tests
A mass (the pseudocyst) may be felt in the middle or left upper abdomen. Tests that may help diagnose pancreatic pseudocyst include:
an abdominal CT scan
an abdominal ultrasound
Treatment
Treatment depends upon the size and the condition of the cyst. Many resolve spontaneously. Surgical, percutaneous -- using a needle, usually under radiological (X-ray) guidance, or endoscopic drainage (using an endoscope, a device with a light that can be used to view the inside of a body cavity) of cysts may be indicated.
Expectations (prognosis)
The outcome is good with treatment.
Complications
Rupture of the cyst can be a serious complication -- shock and hemorrhage may develop.
A pancreatic abscess can develop.
Calling your health care provider
Call your health care provider if persistent abdominal pain develops. Call your health care provider if signs of pancreatic abscess develop (such as fever , chills, and abdominal pain). Rupture of the cyst is an emergency situation! Go to the emergency room or call the local emergency number (such as 911) if fainting , severe abdominal pain, decreased consciousness , rapid heartbeat , or similar symptoms that may indicate bleeding and shock develop.
Prevention
Prevention is directed at prevention of pancreatitis. In patients with pancreatitis due to gallstones, treatment of the gallstones is indicated. In patients with pancreatitis due to alcohol abuse, cessation of alcohol intake is required.